Lamb CR, et al: Assessment of the value of the vertebral heart scale in the radiographic diagnosis of cardiac disease in dogs. Melian C, et al: Radiographic findings in dogs with naturally-occurring primary hypoadrenocorticism. Sleeper MM, Buchanan JW: Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in growing puppies. In Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice Radiology. Vertebral Scale System to measure heart size in radiographs. Buchanan, JW, and Bucheler, J: Vertebral scale system to measure canine heart size in radiographs. Buchanan JW: Vertebral scale system to measure heart size. Consequently, long axis measurements are made from the cardiac apex to the ventral border of the left apical vein just below the carina (Figures 11 and 12).ġ. Lateral radiograph (A) of a deep chested Irish Setter with a relatively vertical heart that minimizes heart size in dorsoventral (B) or ventrodorsal (C) projection.įeline hearts generally lie more parallel to the sternum than in dogs and the tracheal carina often does not indicate the dorsal border of the left atrium. Thus, determination of VHS in DV or VD projection in dogs has little value.įigure 10. Deep chested dogs generally appear to have small hearts in DV/VD projection because the long axes of their hearts are relatively vertical (Figure 10). There was poor correlation between DV/VD and lateral heart sizes. Breed specific VHS values in dogs (1995-2009) BreedĬomparison of dorsoventral (DV) and ventrodorsal (VD) views in 17 dogs revealed that VD heart sizes were 7% wider and 5% longer than in DV projection (2). Several authors found significant differences between right and left lateral VHS and report 1-3% larger values in right lateral positioning (10,14,18,19). Whippets from racing pedigree lines have larger VHS than Whippets from show pedigree lines presumably due to selective breeding for performance (14). Labrador retrievers, spaniels, and Boxers have average values of 10.8v to 11.6v because they have slightly shorter vertebrae (7). Subsequent studies have shown breed differences (Table). Books & VINcyclopedia of Diseases (Formerly Associate).VINcyclopedia of Diseases (Formerly Associate).
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